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If you still have symptoms despite efforts to avoid allergens, you might explore medication options. Whether you choose medication, read the product labels and know the side effects. The following list includes the treatment of allergy more common (both OTC and prescription) and specific allergic conditions and their treatments. In particular, when treating children for allergies, it is wise to consult with your health care provider of the new systems. Some medications are not as effective in children, and some medications can affect the behavior and sleep, and cause serious side effects.

Antihistamines - As the name implies, antihistamines counter the effects of histamine released during an allergic reaction. They are widely used to treat many allergy-related conditions. They are often combined with decongestants and are available in a variety of formulas over the counter (such as Advil ® Allergy Sinus, Alavert Allergy & Sinus, Benadryl, Chlor-Trimeton, Claritin, Contact, Dimetap, Robitussin cough and allergy Triaminic Cold and Allergy, Allergy and Tylenol) and prescription (such as Allegra, Clarinex and Zyrtec). Some may cause drowsiness and slowed reactions. Others do not. antihistamine nasal sprays are also available to treat allergic rhinitis (eg, Astelin). Antihistamine eye drops can also be used for quick relief of itchy eyes associated with allergies (such as Patanol).

Leukotriene blockers - Leukotrienes are another substance released in the body that trigger allergy symptoms such as runny or stuffy nose, sneezing, itchy eyes, runny nose or wheezing. Montelukast sodium (Singulair) is a prescription drug that can prevent symptoms by blocking leukotrienes. It is used in adults and children as young as 2 years. Also used to treat asthma.

Decongestants - People who experience nasal congestion (stuffiness) due to allergies or sinusitis sometimes consider oral decongestant or nasal spray for relief. Decongestants are also included in eye drops to reduce redness caused by conjunctivitis. They work by constricting blood vessels and reduce swelling. Be careful when using some nasal spray decongestants. If used for a long time (more than 3-4 days), you may experience a rebound effect, where nasal congestion symptoms return. Concerns have been raised about oral decongestants and their side effects and abuse potential. Now available behind the counter. Consult your pharmacist.

Corticosteroids - These anti-inflammatory agents used to treat itching and swelling associated with a variety of allergic disorders. The most commonly used forms are corticosteroid nasal sprays for allergic rhinitis and sinusitis (such as Flonase, Nasalide, Nasocort, Nasonex, Rhinocort), nonprescription, topical corticosteroid creams for hives, dermatitis, insect stings and reactions , and inhaled corticosteroids for asthma. Corticosteroids orally or injected less frequently used for more severe cases of asthma, dermatitis or other allergic reactions.

Cromolyn Sodium / Nedocromil Sodium - These are another type of anti-inflammatory drug. Cromolyn sodium nasal spray can be used to treat and sometimes prevent allergic rhinitis. It works by preventing the release of histamine from mast cells. Cromolyn nasal spray is available without a prescription and is gentle and effective. It usually takes a few days to start working. Eyedrop versions are available for itchy, bloodshot eyes. Inhaled nedocromil sodium is used to treat asthma inflammation, which can be exacerbated by allergies.

Epinephrine - Epinephrine (adrenaline) is used for emergency treatment in cases of anaphylaxis from insect bites, food or drug allergies. It is most commonly administered with a device called an injectable epinephrine kit (such as EpiPen or Twinject). Epinephrine constricts the small blood vessels in the skin and mucous membranes, which increases heart rate and blood pressure to normal levels. Epinephrine also is an antihistamine.